Early reservoir pen

    Early attempts at making water storage pens

    For many years, people have been trying to solve the problem of the continuous ink supply of the pen itself. The earliest successful water storage pen mentioned in history was specially made in 969 AD in Egypt for the establishment of Kanrif Moss of the Van Damme dynasty. This perfect golden pen was described in a manuscript entitled "Meetings and Discussions" between 969-975 AD. A copy of this book is kept in the library of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. This pen has great reference value for later pen manufacturing. It was first appreciated by the scholar Hasen Albansa Manmond, who translated the relevant content and published it in 1951.

    Daniel Swinter published the book "Accurate Physics and Mathematics" in Nuremberg in 1636, which described a simple quill pen with water storage effect. The book was republished in Zurich in 1651. The book states: This pen is composed of inner and outer double-layer quills. The inner quill has a small hole at the round end. After being filled with ink, close the opening at the other end and insert this quill into a large quill with a pen tip. In the middle, the small hole of the inner quill and the nib cut by the outer quill are in a straight line, and the ink supply is completed by squeezing the quill. Although this kind of pen did not spread, the idea of this pen-in-pen set was adopted, and it was used until the early part of the last century, until the Pelican pen made by Delaro appeared.

    Piner

    The earliest and most well-known reference for English fountain pens is Sam Pepys’s diary dated August 5, 1663. He wrote: "Tonight I received a business letter from Mr. Coventry with a A silver pen, he assured me that it can hold ink, which is very important."

    Pepys also praised the convenience of carrying a fountain pen with ink when traveling in other places in his diary, but because he did not describe the pen in detail, people have a lot of hypotheses about the appearance of this pen. . It is likely that Pepys is referring to the Pener pen instead of the fountain pen. The Pena pen was popular in the Middle Ages. By the end of the 17th and early 18th centuries, the improved Pena pen reached its peak. This type of pen has a self-supplying ink device (although there is a water storage device at the tail, and it is often necessary to bring a pencil with sealing paper or sandpaper). People should at least see that the Pena pen has the prototype of a reservoir pen or ink pen, but collectors have different opinions on this.

    Byrne's Quiz

    Nicolas Byrne, the main supplier who provided mailroom tools to King Louis XIV of France, published the book "Principles and Production of Mathematical Tools" in 1715. The book described "no pen" and With illustrations. This book was translated into English in 1723. This pen has been used for nearly a century. The earliest pen made and preserved according to Byrne's principle can be traced back to 1702. A pen design similar to the Byrne pen was published in 1764. Presumably, the latest Byrne pen was made in the 1870s. The 18th century was a glorious period in the manufacture of writing instruments. The long-term use of the Byrne pen is not a reflection of the slow development of the fountain pen, but a successful portrayal of the advancement of the fountain pen to maturity.

    The working principle of the Byrne pen is simple. The entire hollow pen body acts as a reservoir. The end of the pen is plugged with a stopper. The finished quill pen tip is rotated and placed on the thin tube at the other end of the pen, and then the cap is placed. The size of the cap matches the tip of the pen. There is a thin plug socket to prevent ink from leaking from the tube. Later, the feather nibs of some ink pens were replaced by metal nibs. Every time you take off the cap and shake the pen, the ink will flow out of the water storage device and flow into the nib through the pen tube. Byrne pens are mostly made of brass, but major manufacturers in London or Paris also have custom-made gold and silver pens. Sometimes the outer shell of this pen is decorated with fashionable materials (such as mother-of-pearl, etc.).
 
    Ink pens from 1880 to present

    The birth of the modern water fountain pen

    Everyone mistakenly believes that Waterman invented the fountain pen in 1884. This erroneous view mainly stems from the story carefully fabricated by Waterman himself. He became famous because he was the first American to obtain a patent for channel-shaped ink supply, but he was not the first to invent channel-shaped ink supply technology. As we have seen, Joseph Bama’s 1809 fountain pen used channel-shaped ink supply technology, and other pioneers of water reservoirs (including Volch and JJ Parker) realized the importance of air pressure balance. It is conceivable that if these inventors can enjoy the smooth flow of ink, the cheap price of gold steel nibs and hard rubber barrels, and other factors like Waterman in the 1880s, then modern water fountain pens It will be born 60 or 70 years earlier.

    Lewis Edson Waterman is an insurance broker in New York, not an inventor. It is said that because his pen leaked ink on the contract, he lost an important business. When he refitted, the business had been taken away by a competitor. Therefore, Waterman determined to have a reliable pen, even at the cost of making it himself.

    On February 12, 1884, Waterman obtained the first patent. His pen allows ink to pass through the supply tank and flow from the reservoir to the tip of the pen under capillary action. At the same time, an equal volume of air enters the reservoir through a small hole at the bottom of the tube.

Author: Strongink Pen Kits